Example of Statement of the Problem in Research Paper

Example of statement of the problem in research paper is the description of a certain difficulty or lack that requires a solution or at least research, in order to see whether it can be properly solved. It can report on a condition that has to be improved, specific area of concern, or a problematic question existing in theory, in practice, or in the scholarly literature that needs meaningful understanding and deliberate investigation. Example of statement of the problem in research paper usually comes at the research proposal and includes the outline of the basic facts of the addressing issue and an argument for its importance. Intellectual Property Rights and Foreign Direct Investment Nowadays, the problem of intellectual property has turned into one of the most aggravated topics of the disputes among the modern society. The main factor promoting the friction around this issue is the globalization of the economic activities along with the expansion of the international transactions, which involve knowledge-intensive products. In particular, this concerns the FDI decisions, which relationship with the intellectual property rights lacks proper empirical evidence. The issue of the intellectual property is of great importance to the contemporary communities and can be identified as relevant to the global economy due to the number of pivotal reasons. First of all, as it has been mentioned above, the majority of the international transactions involves the knowledge-intensive products, which are considered as an intellectual property. These products mainly refer to the technologies and innovations, including databases and electronic information, transfer of which has become one of the main processes in the global economy. Among the range of the market-based channels of the technology transfer foreign direct investment (FDI) is the most significant one. Thus, in these terms, the decisions on foreign direct investment can be claimed to be closely related to the intellectual property rights. Secondly, the globalization of the economic activities has turned the attention of the regional as well as global trading arrangements to the problems of regulatory convergence with the considerable emphasis on the intellectual property rights. This can be explained by the fact that stronger intellectual property is believed to stimulate the innovation in developing countries, promoting their growth and providing greater choice to the consumers around the world. Moreover, despite the controversy that persists over the international means of protecting the main information technologies, there is a commitment among the world countries to achieving strong protection of the intellectual property rights. Thus, the international commitments have fostered a movement toward the increase of the standards of protection of the intellectual property at a worldwide level. As a result, a great number of developing countries have begun to reform their regimes of intellectual property rights protection in response to the domestic and external pressures. Hence, the long-term global reformation of the intellectual property rights allows to predict that IPRs are likely to become essential for the successful foreign direct investment decisions in near future. Consequently, the issue of the necessity of protection of the intellectual property rights and their relationship with the foreign direct investment decisions is of high importance and requires proper understanding and exploration. For this purpose would serve the following research, findings of which will help to explore IPRs influence on the global economy and suggest the possible solutions for the international disputes on this topic. References Branstetter, L. Saggi, K. (2011). Intellectual Property Rights, Foreign Direct Investment and Industrial Development. The Economic Journal, 121(555), 1161-1191. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0297.2011.02440.x Kashcheeva, M. (2013). The role of foreign direct investment in the relation between intellectual property rights and growth. Oxford Economic Papers, 65(3), 699-720. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oep/gpt015 Liu, W. (2015). Intellectual Property Rights, FDI, RD and Economic Growth: A Cross-country Empirical Analysis. The World Economy, 39(7), 983-1004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/twec.12304 Pathak, S., Xavier-Oliveira, E., Laplume, A. (2013). Influence of intellectual property, foreign investment, and technological adoption on technology entrepreneurship. Journal Of Business Research, 66(10), 2090-2101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2013.02.035 Vanhonnaeker, L. (2015). Intellectual property rights as foreign direct investments. McGill University.

Justifying Murder Through Non-consequentialist Means

Killing one person to save the lives of millions seems easily justified from a utilitarian standpoint. However, I reject consequentialism and thus consider the highly desirable outcome insufficient to morally legitimate the murder, and thus hope to align myself more with a Kantian framework. It is right for the doctor to kill the president because the president has chosen to be responsible for the slaughter of millions, which separates him from the category of innocent people, demonstrates moral reasoning that justifies his death, and his willingness to lead people astray justifies some form of retribution. Briefly, utilitarianism holds that the consequences of an action determine its moral worth and that the relative balance of happiness†¦show more content†¦The reader may, having noted the primary importance I place upon the designation of a person as innocent or not regarding whether it could ever be permissible to take that person’s life, now justly find himself particularly inquisitive about why I designate the president as not innocent. After all, the president has not killed anyone yet. To address this concern, I would emphasize that the conceptual vacuum-like space of the scenario offers a luxury rarely afforded in real life, that of assurance. It is inevitable that he will carry out his choice unless prevented, and this assurance doubtlessly affects my judgment by circumventing many reasons for tenuousness in my speculation. The president fully intends to order the slaughter of millions and, even without the foreknowledge of what is going to happen, it would see m quite fair to state that he has made the decision already, he just has not had the opportunity to carry out his plans. A similar example of a decision that far precedes action could include someone deciding to murder their relative to collect insurance money, but waiting months until the right opportunity was presented. It is quite common to make a choice and not be able to carry it out immediately, but this does not diminish that it was a significant and heartfelt decision. A person, who genuinely intends, is prepared to, andShow MoreRelatedTheories of Punishment3436 Words   |  14 Pageswill consider what legal punishment is; it will draw a distinction between the two main categories.[3] It will focus on utilitarianism otherwise known as consequentialist theory of punishment, in particular a side constrained theory provided by Daniel Farrell.[4] It will look in particular at what it is Farrell is attempting to achieve through his modified theory.[5] It will consider the th ree questions[6] of justification put forward by Hart[7] in application to Farrell’s theory and finally itRead MoreBusiness Ethics Essay4857 Words   |  20 Pagesmorality or immorality of actions, and provide a basis for making claims about moral obligations...† (V Scholes, personal communication, 15 March 2009). Individually, they provide definitions, supported by reasoned arguments, laying claim to (and justifying) what is of fundamental importance in terms of what counts as an ethically correct action. They are mutually incompatible (The Open Poly, 2009). You can not logically question the morality/immorality of actions with reference to more than one theory

Describe a Few of the Interesting Characters in Your Class free essay sample

My class is full of wonderful characters that make all of us cheerful to study. There are twenty-two students in my class and only seven of them are boys. Our form teacher is Encik Azmi bin Nusi. We have a wonderful monitor who does every job given to her responsibly. She is Uma Devi a/p Nagiah and she never complains about doing jobs without an assistant. Most of the students are Malays. There are only four Indian girls and four Chinese students. Our class is one of the noisiest class because of the interesting characters we have. Uma Devi is chosen to be our monitor mainly because of her gutsiness to confront some of the rebellious students who are usually Azizi and Amin in our class. Were the students agreed? They definitely were. Hardly any objection was voiced to choose Uma as the monitor. With 170 centimetres tall and a loud voice that can crack any dreams, she is the perfect choice. Although this Indian girl is very strict, she also has a good sense of humour. That is why many of us cannot despise her for a long time. Moreover, she is very pretty with two long braided black hair and a smile, which is not very often she does. She seldom smile but when she does, it is just like a sun shining after down pouring rain. We will always feel very glad and relieved to see her smile. Her seriousness in doing her job is commendable and she is helpful too, to get a new dateline for our homeworks from the teacher. Due to that, we always admire and respect her. Describing the interesting characters in my class, I find it difficult to leave Rosmaliza behind. She is a very peculiar and interesting girl in our class. She is only 155 centimetres tall but she was slim with beautiful features. The sleepyhead in our class? She definitely is the one and only. We could not stop laughing when thinking about her embarrassing situations in our class. There was a time when Mr. Ling, our Additional Mathematics teacher was teaching in our class and dear Rosmaliza was sleeping. Mr. Ling noticed she was asleep and called out her name to wake her up and she did wake up. Waking up and mumbling incoherently, she suddenly stood up and towards the blackboard, thinking that Mr. Ling wanted her to complete some questions on the board. After some awkward silence, she returned to her seat looking red all over. All the classmates burst out laughing at her act. But she remained impassive, although her red face revealed what she felt. Another thing that we find funny is the way she laughed. It was loud and sounded like a cackle. That is so unforgettable and can be said as her ‘trademark’. The other character in my class that I found interesting is Fozie. He is quite a humorist with the loyal companion, Ja’far. Fozie is very funny and he could cause a hullaballoo with his spontaneous jokes. He is 162 centimetres tall and has a cute, mischievous face. However, he does not get into a lot of trouble with his mischief. He is quite adorable because of his helpfulness and politeness. He is surely the best guy in our class. Another thing that we found amazing about him is the way he mesmerized school’s juniors. Many students, especially girls from lower form adore and admire him. The reason? Maybe it simply because of his friendliness and some cute bangs over his forehead. However, he is a reliable guy that we could depend on to please some teachers whenever some of them are angry. All that I can conclude from these interesting characters is that they are wonderful to be with. Although some of them are weird, but the difference can only add up the speciality. Plus, they definitely bring colours of joy and mischief in our world as a student. Life in school would simply be so boring without them.

Julius Caeser - Brutus Essays - Ancient Rome,

Julius Caeser - Brutus Was Brutus a man of principle or a hypocrite? After reading the play Julius Caeser by William Shakespeare, I would conclude that Brutus was a man of principle and honor. Brutus, a servant and close friend to Caesar, has a strong relationship with Caesar but a stronger relationship with Rome and its people. Brutus felt that Caesar was too ambitious. He would not allow Caesar to rise to power and then turn his back onto the people of Rome. He is also a noble man who was revered by many. Brutus had joined the conspiracy because he had the desire to help the commoners. He was a follower of idealism, where the Romans would possess peace, liberty and freedom. Brutus participated in the assasination of Caeser because he believed that Caeser would tyrn his back on the peopleof Rome. After the assassination of Julius Caesar, Brutus talks to Antony about Caesar's death. Our hearts you see not; they are pitiful; and pity to the general wrong of Rome.... Brutus says that Antony cannot see the hearts of the conspirators, which are full of pi ty. Again, this shows how Brutus loved Caesar but cared for the life of Rome and its people more. This is the only reason Brutus would conspire against Caesar. For Brutus says to himself, I know no personal cause to spurn at him...How that might change his nature.... Caesar's relationship with Brutus is also strong. Just allowing Brutus to speak to Caesar shows his respect for Brutus. Caesar feels that Brutus is noble to him and does the right thing regardless of personal danger. On the Ides of March, as Caesar was assassinated, Caesar's last line is: Et tu, Brute?--Then fall, Caesar. This shows that Caesar would not die without Brutus' stab. Caesar realizes that there must be a noble reason for his assassination if Brutus was in it. Shakespeare

fitness motivation essays

fitness motivation essays It fs a common problem. Motivation. Not just for getting to the gym or for working out correctly, but look at giving up smoking, reading more, writing your first book Ethe list is endless. Many people don ft realize what they can achieve because their mind just conveniently tells them that, but it is amazing what anyone can do beyond their conceptions. With good planning, education, encouragement and keeping an awareness of one fs own nutrition there is no reason why anyone cannot achieve specific targets. Achieving these targets leads to an improvement of the quality of life beyond many people fs dreams. When starting a fitness program, one of the greatest challenges is getting started and maintaining the interest. It is as much a challenge to the instructor as it is to the participants. It is very difficult to get people to adopt and maintain a physically active lifestyle even though research shows that exercise can have many positive side effects such as controllin g weight, improving health and helping persons "get the most out of life", where does the problem lie? Why do people start a fitness program, start to see it reap benefits, but somewhere down the road, perhaps 3 or 6 months later, drop out completely? Human behavior is complex and is not always easy to predict. One reason may be that the exercise interferes with a someone fs personal life, for example, many people enroll themselves in an aerobics program and will do well for about 5 or 6 months before they quit. Those early morning workout sessions just became too costly-not in terms of money, but on their social life. Because of the aerobic sessions, they had already missed a number of entertaining breakfast get-togethers with their friends. Eventually they will stop because they value their friendships over their aerobic sessions. Another reason may be that they Wanted results too fast an average guy may work out at the gym in the local youth center ...

Betrayal Loyalty

Betrayal Loyalty Introduction On December 7, 1941, American military men at United States naval base at Pearl of Harbor in Hawaii woke to a crude shock; the Japanese army had attacked them, something that invited the United States of America into World War II. Following this attack, the United States of America in retaliation, placed all Japanese Americans in internment camps popularly known as ‘War Relocation Camps.’Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Betrayal Loyalty specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Nevertheless, the aftermath of this exercise presented one big irony of all the time; loyalty and betrayal co-existed and it was even difficult to differentiate between the two. Whilst the Japanese Americans remained loyal to the U.S. government, this government resorted to betrayal, assigning each family a number, which was used as surnames for the Japanese Americans in these camps among other ‘injustices’, only to incorporate them in military later on. Loyalty and Betrayal The Japanese Americans in the internment camps remained loyal to the U.S authorities albeit the harrowing experiences they went through in the camps. For instance, they lived in, â€Å"un-partitioned toilets, cots for beds, and a budget of 45 cents daily per capita for food rations† (Myer 1). The first act of loyalty came with the surrender of Japanese Americans to authorities. After President Roosevelt signed the Executive Order 9066, posters saying â€Å"All Japanese persons, both alien and non-alien, will be evacuated from the above designated areas by 12:00 oclock noon Tuesday, April 7, 1942†¦report for internment with bedrolls and†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Weber 16). Being loyal to the authorities, the Japanese Americans responded to this order and reported at the said time. There is no one recorded time when the Japanese Americans became disloyal to the U.S. authorities save for some peaceful demonstrations; how ever, these were also allowed in the constitution; therefore, it was not an act of disloyalty. Japanese Americans submitted to denounce their religion, salute the U.S flag, and sing loyal songs; all in loyalty. Moreover, they swore allegiance to â€Å"one nation, indivisible, with liberty and justice for all† (Weglyn 56). In loyalty, the Japanese Americans in these camps submitted to authorities and respected the constitution. This was ‘high-class’ loyalty; something that they carried on to World War II. In 1943, the U.S authorities gave some Japanese America prisoners chance to serve in the military on voluntary basis. â€Å"The War Department is offering you a chance to volunteer and to distinguish yourselves as Japanese-American citizens in the service of your country† (Sone 218). According to Broek, Barnhart, and Matson, one of the distinguished loyal Japanese American regiment was â€Å"the 442nd Regimental Combat Team† (98).Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This team went on to become the most adorned combat regiment of the time and it served in the war across Europe. This echoes the loyalty that the Japanese Americans portrayed in the internment camps as prisoners. As part honoring them, the U.S authorities branded the 442nd regiment as, â€Å"the most highly decorated unit of its size and length of service in the history of the U.S. Army, including 21 Medal of Honor recipients† (Broek, Barnhart Matson 102). If it were not for patriotism, what else could motivate these ex-prisoners to defend a country that had subjected them to untold sufferings? The act of these ex-prisoners defended the U.S during World War II is an extension of loyalty practiced in the internment camps earlier on. Unfortunately, the U.S did not recognize this loyalty and they mistreated the Japanese Americans inside and outside the inter nment camps. As aforementioned, the white people mistreated the Japanese Americans before and after the way amounting to betrayal. Immediately after the attack at Pearl of Harbor, President Roosevelt, acting under pressure from the white people, signed Executive Order 9066. This meant that all the Japanese Americans were to be placed in internment camps. According to Weber, the rounding up exercise involved, â€Å"freezing of bank accounts; seizure of contraband; drastic limitation on travel, curfew, and other severely restrictive measures† (20). Moreover, the conditions in the camps were squalid with, â€Å"un-partitioned toilets, cots for beds, and a budget of 45 cents daily per capita for food rations† (Myer 1). As aforementioned, each family was given â€Å"Tags to be attached to each piece of baggage, and one to hang from our coat lapels. From then on, we were known as Family # 10710† (Sone 35). This was part of mistreatments and many people went though unt old sufferings as betrayal took the centre stage after the war. This betrayal was uncalled. It beats logic why a government for people by people would turn against its citizens. Moreover, the betrayal was at both state and citizen level. Betrayal was not only a task of the authorities but also the U.S citizens. After the war, the authorities started releasing Japanese Americans back to their homes. Unfortunately, their reception was cold and unwelcoming. For instance, Elsie Robinson, a newspaper columnist vowed to, â€Å"cut the throat of any evacuee who dared return† (Myer 23). On another account, Clair Eagle, the U.S representative in California made it clear that, â€Å"We dont want those Japs back in California and the more we can get rid of the better† (Myer 23). This was utter betrayal. Even after the loyalty that the Japanese Americans showed towards the constitution, authorities and the whites in general, people were not convinced that these ‘ex-prisoners ’ were people or rather human beings just like them. Sone posits that, after the war, â€Å"the West Coast was still off-limits, but we had access to the rest of the continent where we could start all over again† (111).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Betrayal Loyalty specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This shows that even though these Japanese Americans had proved their loyalty, the minds of many whites still held hatred and betrayal. The authorities had not accepted fully that these were loyal citizens and this explains the presence of no-go zones. Betrayal from the U.S side coupled with loyalty of the Japanese Americas, presented irony of all time as aforementioned. It is ironical that the U.S branded the Japanese Americans, â€Å"enemies’ only to allow them to be part of military and other governmental and societal structures. The U.S. authorities put the Japanese Americans into internment c amps as ‘enemies.’ Ironically, they incorporated the same enemies into the military to fight in the World War II. Moreover, they were allowed to enroll in schools and participate in any other national activity. What can explain such an intriguing incidence? Based on these events, it is apparent that the presence of the internment camps was illegal and unjustifiable in the first place. There is no way an enemy can become a close ally in such a short time. President Roosevelt acted under pressure to sign the Executive Order 9066. The truth will always stand and the Japanese Americans proved this very well. By remaining loyal to the constitution and submissive to the authorities, they went on to become the most distinguished regiment in the World War II. The fact is America’s betrayal of Japanese Americans coupled with the loyalty the latter showed the former, which resulted into incorporation of Japanese Americans into the U.S military, is one big irony. Conclusion After the Pearl of Harbor attack, the U.S retaliated swiftly, rounding most of the Japanese Americans living across the United States of America and sending them to internment camps. Conditions in these camps were squalid; however, the U.S reconsidered her decision and released these prisoners back to their homes after proving their loyalty. Some were incorporated in the army and other national institutions, the irony surrounding this loyal-betrayal saga between the Japanese Americans and the U.S authorities. Broek, Jacobus, Barnhart, Edward Matson, Floyd. â€Å"Prejudice, War and the Constitution.† California; University of California Press, 1968. Myer, Dillon. â€Å"Work of the War Relocation Authority, An Anniversary Statement.† The Harry S. Truman Library Museum, 1947. Web.Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Sone, Monica. â€Å"Nisei Daughter.† Washington; The University of Washington Press, 1979. Weber, Mark. â€Å"The Japan Camps in California.† The Journal of Historical Review, 1980. 2(1); 16-30. Weglyn, Michi. â€Å"Years of Infamy; The Untold Story of Americas Concentration Camps. New York, 1976.

Evaluation the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Research Paper

Evaluation the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia - Research Paper Example It was extremely important for the international community to step in and secure justice for the citizens of Yugoslavia since order and justice were failing. The enforcement of human rights and establishing the foundation for effective conflict resolution and post-conflict development has been one of the guiding principles of the ICTY. The establishment of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia by the United Nations was one of the precedents which paved the way for multilateral action by the international community and nation-states concerned about the declining administrative conditions of former Yugoslavia. However, there are a few shortcomings with the ICTY. One of the major shortcomings is that it is an organization which is ad hoc in nature, which in turn makes it a very problematic institution having a number of limitations. It might have some shortcomings; however, the advantages far outweigh the disadvantages of The International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia. And the major advantage of having ICTY is that it lays the groundwork for international law and politics and helps in the establishment of the International Criminal Court or the ICC. The ICC serves as a permanent mechanism which enforces justice. Peter Radan(2002, p.201) states ‘With the exception of Bosnia- Hercegovina, for all the secessions of and within Yugoslavia’s republics, it was explicitly claimed that they were justified on the basis of the right of peoples to self-determination. This is apparent from the various declarations of independence and constitutions adopted by the seceding entities. Bosnia-Hercegovina was a special case due to the absence from that republic of a dominant national group. However, self-determination was still a significant factor.